ECHO
2D
Colour doppler for flow direction/velocity
Differences in velocity can calculate pressure: Bernoulli equation
Simplified = 4 x (distal velocity^2) in m/sec
SBP - VSD jet = RV press
SBP - PDA jet = PA press
Both used to diagnose Pulm HTN
Fractional shortening = (EndDiastolicDiameter - ESD) / EDD normal = 30%. >=hyperdynamic, <=dysfunction
Ejection fraction = (EDV-ESV)/EDV
Area length method for volume = 5/6 x area x length
Fractional shortening quick and easy but less accurate in abnormal shaped ventricles (canal defects, pressure/volume overload)
EF better for unusual ventricles but difficult and time-consuming
Colour doppler for flow direction/velocity
Differences in velocity can calculate pressure: Bernoulli equation
Simplified = 4 x (distal velocity^2) in m/sec
SBP - VSD jet = RV press
SBP - PDA jet = PA press
Both used to diagnose Pulm HTN
Fractional shortening = (EndDiastolicDiameter - ESD) / EDD normal = 30%. >=hyperdynamic, <=dysfunction
Ejection fraction = (EDV-ESV)/EDV
Area length method for volume = 5/6 x area x length
Fractional shortening quick and easy but less accurate in abnormal shaped ventricles (canal defects, pressure/volume overload)
EF better for unusual ventricles but difficult and time-consuming